Biology Is Love

Mechanism of Release Of Ovum (OVULATION) - Souti Das  During the 1st 5 months of development, a finite number of primordial follicles form in the fetal ovary, these follicles contain an oocyte surrounded by follicular cells. These primordial follicles arrests at 1st meiotic division till puberty and then they further undergo development and become primary follicles.                                       During the early primary follicular stage, follicular cells are cuboidal and Zona Pellucida appears as a thin band of glycoprotein that separates oocyte and follicular cells. In the late follicular stage, follicular cells proliferate into a stratified epithelium known as Zona Granulosa . During the secondary follicular stage, proteoglycan riched antrum appears in the Grannulosa layer. Cell layers in the Zona Grannulosa increase and thereby Zona Pellucida gets thickened. In this sta...

  CLONING VECTORS AND EXPRESSION VECTORS -Devlina Sarkar What is called a Vector?    In biology, a vector is any vehicle , often a virus or a plasmid that is used to ferry a desired DNA sequence into a host cell as part of a molecular cloning procedure.  What are Cloning vectors? A cloning vector is a vector that propagates the DNA we're interested in, in the organism we've chosen to propagate it in, to get clones of our gene of interest. Elements , a cloning vector must have: 1. Origin of replication - The specific sequence of nucleotide in a DNA, which acts, as the origin of the replication process is known as ORI . The foreign DNA starts replicating along with the host cell when it is integrated or connected to this sequence. 2. Multiple Cloning Sites(MCS) - An MCS contains many unique restriction sites to choose from, so compatible restriction enzymes(such as EcoRI,HinDIII etc) can be used on both the vector and the insert. 3. Selectable Markers- ...

  INTRODUCTION TO RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY(RDT) - Devlina Sarkar v What is Recombinant DNA technology ? RDT is a series of procedures that is used to join together (recombine) DNA segments from different organisms and inserting it into a host organism to produce new genetic combinations. v What is called Recombinant DNA ? Recombinant DNA (rDNA) is   m olecules  of  DNA  from two different species that are inserted into a host organism to produce new genetic combinations that are of value to science, medicine, agriculture, and industry. Recombinant DNA in a living organism was first achieved in 1973 by  Herbert Boyer , of the University of California at San Francisco, and  Stanley Cohen , at Stanford University , who used   E. coli  restriction enzymes to insert foreign DNA into plasmids. v What is the basic use of RDT? Using RDT we can get a huge no of copies/clones of a particular gene or DNA(cloning) by usi...

  ANAMMOX - Nandini Das Anammox is an abbreviation for anaerobic ammonium oxidation , is a globally important microbial process of the nitrogen cycle.

BODY TEMPERATURE AND ITS REGULATION WITH SOME CLINICAL CONDITION (FEVER AND HYPOTHERMIA)

  OSMOREGULATION IN VARIOUS ANIMALS - Malay Nayak All animals need to regulate water and salts in their environment and eliminate nitrogenous wastes. All these functions  are inter-related, but they have different names. Regulation of water and salts is termed osmoregulation and elimination  of nitrogenous wastes is termed excretion . Both excretion and osmoregulation bring about homeostasis, which is  vital for life.

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Fertilization In Sea Urchin - Malay Nayak 1.        What is sea urchin? ·          Spiny water animal ·          Phylum ECHINODERMATA ·          Roughly spherical sea animal Sea Urchin   2. Why Sea Urchin ? The cell-surface events that take place during fertilization have been studied most extensively in sea urchins, members of the phylum Echinodermata . ·    Sea urchin gametes are easy to collect, ·    fertilization occurs outside the animal body. ·    As a result, researchers can observe fertilization and subsequent development simply by combining eggs and sperm in seawater in the laboratory.